Charles Messier discovered the globular cluster M80 on January 4, 1781. Charles Messier discovered the globular cluster M56 on January 23, 1779. Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille discovered the emission nebula NGC 3372 (the Eta Carinae Nebula) on January 25, 1752. Galileo Galilei discovered Ganymede on January 13, 1610. Galileo Galilei discovered Io, Europa, and Callisto on January 7, 1610. January Celestial Calendar by Dave MitskyĪll times are UT (subtract five hours, and one calendar day when appropriate, for EST)ġ/1 The Moon is at perigee, subtending 33' 23" from a distance of 358,033 kilometers (222,471 miles), at 22:55ġ/2 Comet C/2021 A1 (Leonard) is at perihelion today New Moon (lunation 1225) occurs at 18:33ġ/3 The peak of the Quadrantid meteor shower (40 to 120 or more per hour) occurs todayġ/4 The latest sunrise of the year at latitude 40 degrees north occurs today the Earth is at perihelion (147,105,053 kilometers or 91,406,842 miles distant from the Sun) at 6:55 the Moon is four degrees south of Saturn at 17:00ġ/6 The Moon is 4 degrees south of Jupiter at 0:00ġ/7 The latest onset of morning twilight of the year at latitude 40 degrees north occurs today the Moon is 4 degrees south of Neptune at 10:00 Mercury is at greatest eastern elongation (19.2 degrees) at 11:00ġ/9 Mercury is at dichotomy (50% illuminated) today Venus is in inferior conjunction at 1:00 First Quarter Moon occurs at 18:11ġ/10 The Lunar X (the Purbach or Werner Cross), an X-shaped clair-obscure illumination effect involving various rims and ridges between the craters La Caille, Blanchinus, and Purbach, is predicted to be fully formed at approximately at 2:30ġ/11 The Moon is 1.5 degrees south of Uranus at 11:00 asteroid 3 Juno is in conjunction with the Sun at 22:00ġ/13 The Moon is 1.2 degrees north of the dwarf planet/asteroid 1 Ceres at 0:00 asteroid 7 Iris (magnitude +7.7) is at opposition in Gemini at 21:00ġ/14 Mercury is stationary at 1:00 the Moon is at apogee, subtending 29' 27" from a distance of 405,805 kilometers (252,155 miles), at 9:26ġ/16 Pluto is in conjunction with the Sun at 15:00 the dwarf planet/asteroid 1 Ceres is stationary at 22:00ġ/17 Full Moon (known as the Ice Moon, the Moon after Yule, the Old Moon, and the Wolf Moon) occurs at 23:48ġ/23 Mercury is in inferior conjunction at 10:00ġ/26 Last Quarter Moon occurs at 13:41 the Curtiss Cross, an X-shaped clair-obscure illumination effect located between the craters Parry and Gambart, is predicted to begin at 5:54ġ/29 Venus is stationary at 8:00 the Moon is 2 degrees south of Mars at 15:00ġ/30 The Moon is 10 degrees south of Venus at 2:00 the Moon is at perigee, subtending 32' 59" from a distance of 362,252 kilometers (225,093 miles), at 7:11
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